Introduction
This chapter is very important chapter In this chapter we will learn about the Hitler. Hitler was a very cruel person and he was married with the girl named Eva Brown but the fact is that his love life lasted for 48 hours only and due to some major reasons the first world war I took placed between the allied powers and the central powers Allied power included countries like Russia, France, Britain, Japan, USA and Central power included countries like Germany, Austrian empire World war 1 long for four years from 1914 to 1918 due to war the resources of Europe were finished And Germany capture countries like France and Belgium but in 1917 when USA joined allies power then the powers of Central power became weak and in November 1918 allies won the war.
1) Emperor of Germany Abdicated here Abdicated means giving up the position of king.
2) National assembly created Federal structure and democratic constitution for Germany.
Now what is Federal System and democratic constitution ?
In democratic constitution country people have right to vote and people have to choose the government and Federal government means 2 tier government like one will Central and one will state government
3)People of Germany elected deputies for German Parliament and German Parliament was also as Rich Stag ( here deputies means the members of parliament ) And after this German was also known as Weimar republic
Formation of Weimar Republic
After war In 28 June 1919 Peace treaty took place between the Germany and versile ( treaty means formal agreement )
Why was the treaty of Versailles harsh for the Germany?
1) 13% of territory of Germany 75% iron and 26% of coal was taken by France, Poland, Denmark and Lithuania (orsies coloney :- the country that were occupied by Germany)
2) Allied armies occupied resource, Rich Rhineland.
3) Germany paid 6 billion euros as a compensation to allies countries because the allies thought that the Germany is responsible for the damage in the war.
So, the weimar republic had to except the treaty and due to this Many peoples of Germany hated weimar republic After giving the compensation weimar republic became financially weak and then one term was introduced "November criminals" November criminals is said to the German leaders who signed the peace treaty According to their politics opponents Germany army was capable to win the war at that time also but how it is said as November criminal? It is because that agreement was signed on November 1918 Due to democracy the problems of Germany was not able to finish Then in November 1923 hyper influence tooked place.
Now what was the causes of hyper influence in Germany and what was its effect??
Firstly what was the hyper influence so hyper influence is a situation in which the price of goods become high rapidly.
Causes of hyper influence
The expenses of war was mostly taken from loans and that loans were repaying in the gold so no gold was left.
France occupied Ruhr (main industrial areas)
1) Germany started to print their paper currencies and due to circulation of paper currency Mark.
2) In April 1 US Dollar was equal to 24000 marks and then In July 1 US Dollar was equal to 353000 and in August it became 4621000 And in December it became 10000000 Mark So the value of Mark decreased then USA helped Germany to overcome out of the crisis and for this they used downs plane
The great economic depression
In 1929 the great economic depression came So what was it ?? This economic depression took place in USA in 1929 but it affected Germany also but how ?? b?Because of all the industries of Germany were running on loans and all these loans were given by USA Now loans were taken back when the world largest stock exchange means when Wall Street exchange crashed and due to this wall street exchange in USA People came in tense then people sold their shares that day about 13 million shares were sold and this day was 24 October because of this the great depression of economic started.
Effects of great economic depression
Effects on Germany
Economic crisis hited the economic conditions of Germany
People lost their jobs and the people who didn't lost their jobs were getting very low wages at that time 6 million people were unemployed.
Value of the savings of middle class decreased because of decreasing the value of currency.
Many small businesses got shut down.
Prices of crop decreased and women's were not able to give food to their children's
Weimar republic became totally unstable people were hating democratic government because it was not able to solve or give the solutions of problems of Germany.
Hitler
Hitler was born on 1889 in Australia when the first world war started Hitler joined the army he achieved many bravery medals and then in 1919 he joined a political group name German workers party later he became head of this group and then he changed the name of group to national socialist German workers party then this party was also called as Nazis party.
How did Nazi party rise in Germany politics?
In early 1930s Nazi were not able to collect the most of the supports And votes And in 1928 naziz got only 26% votes.
The great economic depression help the Nazi party as due to the propagenda people were getting influenced by him.
Nazi party became popular and in 1930 Nazis got 37% votes and it become largest party.
When Hitler Got powers he changed the democratic government to dictatorship government Now how did he destroyed the democratic government in Germany??
Hitler became councillor on 30 January 1933
In February 1933 Germany Parliament Got burned down The fire decreased of 28 February 1933 e incidentally suspended all the Civic rights.
On 3rd March enabling act was passed to establish dictatorship
All political parties were banned except Nazi party
Hitler gave the responsibility of Germany's economic recovery to economist Hajalmar Schacht and this economist used full production and full employment but if there will full production people should be there to consume it it Hitler made many changes in the foreign politics and due to he also got profit from it Hitler occupied Rheinland in 1936 and in 1938 Hitler also joined Australia to Germany and he also said a slogan " One Power One empire One leader".